Restorasi 15 Tahun: Analisis Komposisi, Potensi, dan Keanekaragam Jenis di Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango, Jawa Barat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59465/jpht.v21i2.399Kata Kunci:
Restoration, species composition, stand density, stand potentialAbstrak
Hutan yang terdegradasi berdampak buruk pada biodiversitas, potensi tegakan, habitat flora dan fauna, serta daya dukung lingkungan. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis keberhasilan restorasi setelah 15 tahun berdasarkan komposisi jenis, struktur, dan potensi tegakan. Penelitian dilakukan pada areal tanaman restorasi umur 15 tahun dan hutan alam di Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango, Jawa Barat. Sampel plot dibuat berukuran 20 m x 20 m sebanyak 25 plot untuk masing-masing di areal restorasi dan hutan alam. Plot ukuran 20 m x 20 m untuk tingkat pohon, selanjutnya dibuat sub-plot berukuran 10 m x 10 m, 5 m x 5 m, dan 2 m x 2 m untuk tingkat tiang, pancang dan semai. Metode keberhasilan restorasi melalui penilaian pemulihan hutan berdasarkan peningkatan struktur tegakan yang dicapai di areal restorasi dibandingkan struktur tegakan hutan alam di sekitarnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil restorasi di areal terdegradasi bekas perladangan sebagian telah mampu memulihkan ekosistem secara berkelanjutan. Tanaman hasil restorasi berdiameter 10-40 cm sudah mencapai potensi tegakan di atas kondisi hutan alamnya dan diameter 40-50 cm hampir mendekati hutan alamnya, sedangkan diameter di atas 50 cm belum tercapai. Kehadiran jenis baru pada tingkat semai dan pancang menunjukkan bahwa regenerasi alami berjalan dan menjamin kelangsungan hutan.
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