Morfologi Kandidat Pohon Plus Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh pada Ekosistem Mangrove Segara Anakan, Kabupaten Cilacap, Provinsi Jawa Tengah
Morphological of Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh Candidate Plus Trees at Segara Anakan Mangrove Ecosystem, Cilacap Regency, Central Java Province
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59465/jpht.v21i2.374Kata Kunci:
Mangrove, A. marina, morfologi, pohon plusAbstrak
Abstract
The mangrove and laguna ecosystems in Segara Anakan have experienced degradation which hasreduced the morphological diversity of mangrove trees. The study aimed to examine the morphological variations of A. marina trees in the Segara Anakan mangrove ecosystem to identify candidate plus trees (CPT) that could serve as potential seed sources. The study was conducted on 25 plots in the eastern part of Segara Anakan Lagoon. The CPT assessment (scoring) used the comparison tree method referring to the modified Carolina State method. Measurement of morphological characters included total tree height, stem diameter, clear bole height, diameter of main branch, number of primary branches, primary branch angle, canopy coverage, tree health, and fruit production capacity. The scoring results for adult A. marina trees obtained 74 plus trees spread across 3 clusters. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) results showed that all character values were significant. Correlation tests between different characters revealed that the height character was significantly positively correlated with the stem diameter, clear bole height, and tree health characters. The stem diameter character had a significant positive correlation with primary branch diameter and tree health, while the canopy coverage did not correlate with all morphological characters assessed. This supports the nation in evaluating canopy coverage as adequate for identifying trees as seed sources. The A. marina plus tree in Segara Anakan exhibits an average morphological characteristic of 69.97% for canopy coverage and a score exceeding 60. Consequently, the 74-plus trees in this area can be recommended as a potential seed source at the individual level. Relatively tall trees dominate plot 11 and have the highest number of plus trees, making it a promising seed source area. Additionally, individual tree 42 in plot 15 has the largest canopy coverage (89.19%), highlighting the potential for conservation as a seed source tree.
Keywords: Mangrove, Avicennia marina, morphology, plus tree
Abstrak
Ekosistem mangrove dan laguna di Segara Anakan telah mengalami degradasi yang telah menurunkan keragaman morfologi pohon mengrove. Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji variasi morfologi pohon Avicennia marina pada ekosistem mangrove Segara Anakan guna mengidentifikasi candidate plus tree (CPT) yang berpotensi sebagai sumber benih. Penelitian dilakukan pada 25 plot di Laguna Segara Anakan bagian Timur. Penilaian CPT menggunakan metode pohon pembanding mengacu pada metode Carolina State yang dimodifikasi. Pengukuran karakter morfologi. meliputi tinggi total pohon, diameter batang, tinggi bebas cabang, diameter cabang utama, jumlah cabang utama, sudut cabang utama, tutupan tajuk, kesehatan pohon, dan kemampuan produksi buah. Hasil skoring terhadap pohon A. marina dewasa diperoleh 74 pohon plus yang tersebar dalam 3 kluster. Hasil Analisis Ragam menunjukkan nilai seluruh karakter signifikan. Hasil uji korelasi antara dua karakter berbeda menunjukkan karakter tinggi berkorelasi positif signifikan dengan karakter diameter, tinggi bebas cabang dan kesehatan pohon. Karakter diameter mempunyai korelasi positif signifikan dengan diameter cabang dan kesehatan pohon, sedangkan tutupan tajuk tidak berkolerasi dengan semua karakter morfologi yang diuji. Hal ini mendukung gagasan bahwa mengevaluasi tutupan tajuk cukup memadai untuk mengidentifikasi pohon plus sebagai sumber benih. Pohon plus A. marina di Segara Anakan memiliki karakter morfologi rata-rata tutupan tajuk 69,97% dan dengan skor melebihi 60. Oleh karena itu, 74 pohon plus di area ini dapat direkomendasikan sebagai sumber benih potensial pada tingkat individu. Plot 11 didominasi oleh pohon yang relative tinggi dan memiliki jumlah pohon plus terbanyak, sehingga menjadikannya area sumber benih yang menjanjikan. Selain itu, pohon individu 42 pada plot 15 memiliki tutupan tajuk terbesar (89,19%) yang menandakan potensinya untuk konservasi sebagai pohon sumber benih.
Kata kunci: Mangrove, A. marina, morfologi, pohon plus
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