Spesies Ulat Kantong dan Musuh Alaminya yang Berasosiasi dengan Tanaman Sengon (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & J.W. Grimes)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59465/jpht.v17i1.813Kata Kunci:
Entomopatogen, parasitoid, Pteroma plagiophleps, ukuran kantongAbstrak
Ulat kantong sebagai hama serius pada sengon di beberapa daerah. Spesies ulat kantong yang menyerang sengon di Pulau Jawa sudah pernah diidentifikasi tetapi belum dideskripsikan dengan baik. Musuh alami ulat kantongnya juga belum pernah diidentifikasi. Informasi ini penting karena terkait peluang pengendaliannya. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan beberapa spesies ulat kantong yang menyerang sengon dan musuh alami yang berasosiasi dengannya serta mendeskripsikan karakter kantong sebagai penanda spesiesnya. Sampel diambil dari sepuluh lokasi yang tersebar di Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Barat. Pupa ulat kantong dikumpulkan, dipelihara, sehingga imago atau musuh alami keluar dan tingkat parasitisasi ditentukan. Imago dan musuh alami dideskripsikan secara morfologi, demikian juga dengan karakter kantongnya. Empat spesies ulat kantong teridentifikasi berasosiasi dengan sengon adalah Pteroma plagiophleps, Chalia javana, Clania crameri, dan Khopene cuprea. Deskripsi dan penelusuran pustaka menunjukkan banyaknya nama sinonim yang terkait spesies-spesies tersebut. Secara morfologi, setiap spesies ulat kantong memiliki karakter kantong yang khas baik bentuk, pola maupun ukurannya. Musuh alami ulat kantong umumnya adalah serangga Hymenoptera dan Diptera serta cendawan entomopatogen. Adanya asosiasi spesies ulat kantong dengan spesies parasitoid tertentu. Banyaknya sinonim pada spesies ulat kantong perlu dikonfirmasi melalui pendekatan yang komprehensif dengan menggabungkan metode berbasis morfologi (imago, kantong, dan larva) sekaligus molekuler.
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