ISOLASI, IDENTIFIKASI DAN PEMANFAATAN FUNGI YANG BERASOSIASI DENGAN Tristaniopsis obovata
Kata Kunci:
Ektomikoriza, Hutan Kerangas, Inokulasi, Pelawan, Stek PucukAbstrak
Tristaniopsis obovata (pelawan) bersimbiosis dengan fungi ektomikoriza yang menghasilkan tubuh buah fungi yang dapat dikonsumsi (edible mushroom) dan bunga pelawan sebagai sumber nektar untuk lebah hutan yang memproduksi madu pahit yang bernilai ekonomi tinggi. Permasalahan yang dihadapi saat ini adalah berkurangnya luasan hutan kerangas akibat konversi hutan sehingga luasan hutan pelawan menurun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi potensi fungi yang berasosiasi dengan Tristaniopsis obovata dan uji pemanfaatan fungi yang berpotensi untuk memacu pertumbuhan bibit T. obovata. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pengumpulan sumber benih/anakan alam, isolasi dan identifikasi molekuler ITS rDNA fungi yang berasosiasi dengan T. obovata, perbanyakan anakan melalui stek pucuk, dan inokulasi fungi yang berpotensi memacu pertumbuhan bibit T. obovata. Hasil identifikasi molekuler menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh 3 isolat yang berfungsi sebagai ektomikoriza, yaitu 4PK1 (Corticiaceae 1), 17BK2 (Corticiaceae 2), dan 24PK4 (Cortinarius sp.). Inokulasi fungi ektomikoriza memberikan pengaruh pada pertumbuhan tanaman dan kandungan nutrisi bibit anakan pelawan. Teknik stek pucuk dengan KOFFCO cukup efektif untuk memperbanyak bibit pelawan dengan tingkat keberhasilan sekitar 50%. Keberhasilan pada penelitian ini menjadi dasar IPTEK untuk melestarikan produktivitas ekosistem hutan kerangas
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