Land Cover Changes in Peat Hydrological Unit at East Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency, Jambi Province
(Perubahan Penutupan Lahan di Kawasan Kesatuan Hidrologi Gambut di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur, Provinsi Jambi)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59465/jpht.v22i1.575Kata Kunci:
government policies, land cover classification, peatAbstrak
Abstract
In Jambi Province, Indonesia, land cover in Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency has experienced substantial transformation over the past two decades. These changes are closely linked to increasing land use pressures, government development policies, and broader environmental challenges such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and peatland degradation. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of land cover change between 2000 and 2022 within the Peat Hydrological Unit (PHU) area of Tanjung Jabung Timur by employing a remote sensing-based approach using cloud computing technology. Landsat 5, 8, and 9 images were classified using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. The classification incorporated 10 spectral indices to enhance accuracy. The results showed that the SVM classifier achieved a high level of performance, with an Overall Accuracy (OA) of 92.5% and a Kappa coefficient of 88.94. The analysis revealed that the most extensive land cover change occurred in peat swamp forest areas, which were predominantly converted into plantations, contributing to 28.97% of the total PHU area. The findings emphasize the critical role of policy interventions in driving land cover change and highlight the urgent need for sustainable land management strategies to protect peatland ecosystems in the region.
Keywords: Government policies, land cover classification, peat
Abstrak
Perubahan tutupan lahan di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur, Jambi, Indonesia telah mengalami transformasi substansial selama dua dekade terakhir. Perubahan ini terkait erat dengan meningkatnya tekanan penggunaan lahan, kebijakan pembangunan pemerintah, dan tantangan lingkungan yang lebih luas seperti perubahan iklim, hilangnya keanekaragaman hayati, dan degradasi lahan gambut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dinamika perubahan tutupan lahan antara tahun 2000 dan 2022 pada wilayah Kesatuan Hidrologi Gambut (KHG) Tanjung Jabung Timur dengan menggunakan pendekatan berbasis penginderaan jauh menggunakan teknologi cloud computing. Klasifikasi pada Citra Landsat 5, 8, dan 9 dilakukan dengan menggunakan algoritma Support Vector Machine (SVM) pada platform Google Earth Engine (GEE). Klasifikasi tersebut menggabungkan 10 indeks spektral untuk meningkatkan akurasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengklasifikasi SVM mencapai tingkat kinerja yang tinggi, dengan Akurasi Keseluruhan (OA) sebesar 92,5% dan koefisien Kappa sebesar 88,94. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa perubahan tutupan lahan yang paling luas terjadi di kawasan hutan rawa gambut, yang sebagian besar telah dikonversi menjadi perkebunan, yaitu sebesar 28,97% dari total luas KHG. Temuan studi ini menekankan peran penting intervensi kebijakan dalam mendorong perubahan tutupan lahan dan menyoroti kebutuhan mendesak akan strategi pengelolaan lahan berkelanjutan untuk melindungi ekosistem lahan gambut di wilayah tersebut.
Kata kunci: Kebijakan pemerintah, klasifikasi penutupan lahan, gambut
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