Keanekaragaman Jenis Hutan Rawa Gambut Tropis dengan Nilai Konservasi Tinggi (NKT )
Species Diversity of Tropical Peat Swamp Forests with High Conservation Value (HCV)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59465/jphka.v21i1.739Kata Kunci:
Conservation, peat swamps forest, species diversity, vegetation structureAbstrak
Tropical peat swamp forests are ecosystems that support high biodiversity and provide ecosystem services. However, landuse changes have degraded these forests, leading to species loss. High Conservation Value (HCV) areas are designated to mitigate these impacts and promote sustainable forest management. This study examined plant diversity and vegetation structure in two zones an insitu conservation and a silvicultural managed strip (Strip RKT)—within PT Diamond Raya Timber’s concession in Riau, Indonesia. Fieldwork from September to November 2023 involved plot sampling for vegetation and direct-observation methods for fauna. Diversity was analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener index (H'), evenness (E), and species richness (N). Results showed the conservation area had greater species richness, diversity, and evenness. Dominant species included Litsea spp., Eugenia spp., and Uranda scarpiodes. HCV species like Shorea spp., Gonystylus bancanus, and Palaquium spp. were mostly found in the conservation zone. The lower diversity in the production area indicates anthropogenic disturbance. These findings underscore the importance of maintaining habitat integrity to support endemic and threatened species. Strengthening the management of insitu HCV areas is vital for conserving biodiversity and ensuring the ecological resilience of tropical peat swamp forests.Referensi
Basyuni, M., Jayusman, J., & Hayati, R. (2018). Structure and species composition in logged-over swamp forest, Bengkalis, Riau. E3S Web of Conferences 68: 1–6. DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/20186801005
Carreño-Rocabado, G., Peña-Claros, M., Bongers, F., Alarcón, A., Licona, J. C., & Poorter, L. (2012). Effects of disturbance intensity on species and functional diversity in a tropical forest. Journal of Ecology 100(6), 1453–1463. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2012.02015.x
Dar, S. A., Nabi, M., Dar, S. A., & Ahmad, W. S. (2022). Influence of anthropogenic activties on the diversity of forest ecosysstems. in: Towards Sustainable Natural Resources: Monitoring and Managing Ecosystem Biodiversity Springer International Publishing 33–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06443-2
Dony, R., Faridah, E., & Meer, P. van der. (2017). The disturbance characteristic of Degraded Tropical Peat Swamp Forest in Central Kalimantan. Jurnal Hutan Tropis 5(2), 99–112.
Fhirgiawan, S. ., Satjapradja, O., & Meiganati, K. B. (2022). Restorasi ekosistem riau composition and structure of the peat forest vegetation in the Riau kawasan Hutan Gambut Restorasi Ekosistem. 22(2), 46–54.
Giesen, W., & Sari, E. N. N. (2018). Tropical Peatland Restoration Report: the Indonesian case. Kemitraan Kesejahteraan Hijau (Kehijauan Berbak), 99. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.30049.40808
Gunawan, H., Kobayashi, S., Mizuno, K., & Kono, Y. (2012). Peat swamp forest types and their regeneration in Giam Siak Kecil-Bukit Batu Biosphere Reserve, Riau, East Sumatra, Indonesia. Mires and Peat 10, 1–17.
Hergoualc’h, K., R., C., S., A., C., M., D., M., & H., P. (2018). Managing peatlands in Indonesia: Challenges and opportunities for local and global communities. Brief Info, 205. https://doi.org/10.17528/cifor/006449
Istomo, Komar, T. E., Tata, M. H. L., Sumbayak, E. S. S., & Rahma, A. (2010). Evaluasi Sistem Silvikultur Hutan Rawa Gambut di Indonesia. ITTO Project. Pusat Litbang Hutan dan Konservasi Alam.
Izabela, F., Fabian, P., Wojciech, S., Akub, W., & Ciach Michał. (2023). Beyond beaver wetlands: The engineering activities of a semi-aquatic mammal mediate the species richness and abundance of terrestrial birds wintering in a temperate forest. Forest Ecology and Management, 529, 1–9.
Mawazin, & Subiakto, A. 2013. Keanekaragaman dan komposisi jenis permudaan alam hutan rawa gambut bekas tebangan di Riau. Indonesian Forest Rehabilitation Journal 1(1), 59–73.
Miettinen Jukka, & Liew Soo Chin. (2010). Status of peatland degradation and development in Sumatra and Kalimantan. Ambio 39(5), 394–401. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-010-0051-2
Partama, I. G. Y., Wardhani, O. K., Surata, S. P. K., Yastika, P. E., & Kusuma, I. K. T. W. (2024). pemetaan kerentanan ekosistem mangrove berdasarkan aspek fisik, biologi dan antropogenik di Kawasan Taman Hutan Raya Ngurah Rai- Bali Berbasis SIG. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan 22(3), 648–657. https://doi.org/ 10.14710/jil.22.3.648-657
Partomihardjo, T., Hermawan, E., Perdana, E. W., & Widyastuti, Y. (2020). Flora Ririparian dan Hutan Rawa Gambut untuk Restorasi Area dengan Nilai Konservasi Tinggi (NKT) Terdegradasi. Zoological Society of London (ZSL) Indonesia Programme.
Prayoto, Firdaus, R., & Nakagoshi, N. (2018). Tree species diversity and structural composition of tropical peat swamp forest: a study in Riau, Indonesia. Hikobia 17(4), 261–271.
Qirom, M. A., Rachmanadi, D., Lestari, F., & Andriani, S. (2022). Forest structure change after forest fire in peatland of Central Kalimantan. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1115(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1115/1/012019
Rieley, J. O. (2016). Biodiversity of tropical peatland in Southeast Asia. 15th International Peat Congress, 2016 707–711.
Rosalina, Y., Kartawinata, K., Nisyawati, N., Nurdin, E., & Supriatna, J. (2014). Floristic composition and structure of a peat swamp forest in the conservation area of the PT National Sago Prima, Selat Panjang, Riau, Indonesia. Reinwardtia, 14(1), 193. https://doi.org/10.14203/reinwardtia.v14i1.416
Ruysschaert, D., & Hufty, M. (2020). Building an effective coalition to improve forest policy: Lessons from the coastal Tripa peat swamp rainforest, Sumatra, Indonesia. Land Use Policy, 103359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.04.034
Shuhada, S. N., Salim, S., Nobilly, F., Zubaid, A., & Azhar, B. (2017). Logged peat swamp forest supports greater macrofungal biodiversity than large-scale oil palm plantations and smallholdings. Ecology and Evolution, 7(18), 7187–7200. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3273
Siregar, A. W., Poedjirahajoe, E., & Pudyatmoko, S. (2022). Komposisi dan Keanekaragaman Jenis Vegetasi Mangrove Hasil Rehabilitasi di Desa Silo Baru, Sumatera Utara. Buletin Poltanesa, 23(2), 696–702. https://doi.org/10.51967/tanesa.v23i2.1792
Sosilawaty, Hidayat, N., Rotinsulu, J. M., & Barimbing, W. (2023). Diversity of vegetation types and structure based on the thickness of peat in Sebangau National Park Central Kalimantan. International Journal of Design and Nature and Ecodynamics, 18(2), 313–324. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijdne.18020.
Tata, H. L., & Pradjadinata, S. (2016). Native species for degraded peat swamp forest rehabilitation. Journal of Tropical Silviculture, 7(3), S80–S82. https://doi.org/ 10.29244/j-siltrop.7.3.s80-s82
Yeni, P. M. H., Kartodihardjo, H., & Bahruni. (2020). Ecosystem restoration policy and implementation in production forest in Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika, 26(3), 201–211. https://doi.org/10.7226/JTFM.26.3.201
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Cara Mengutip
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam
Artikel ini berlisensiCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
